代詞是英語語言的一大特色，頻繁出現(xiàn)于考研英語的各個(gè)題型中，加之漢語多名詞、英語多代詞的這一差異，許多考研同學(xué)反映代詞是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一處障礙。因此，老師特別通過本文，從考研英語語法的角度，為廣大同學(xué)總結(jié)出英語代詞的用法，希冀對(duì)大家的考研英語復(fù)習(xí)提供一些幫助。
一、人稱代詞
1. 一般規(guī)則
1)人稱代詞的使用順序?yàn)榈诙朔Q、第三人稱、第一人稱。
如：You, she and I are sincere friends.
2)人稱代詞與表人的名詞并列時(shí)，順序?yàn)椤懊~+人稱代詞”，但you常位于名詞前。
如：You, Marry and I must be in a common effort.
3)與其他代詞排列時(shí)，人稱代詞在前。
如：She, I and some others like pageant(露天表演).
2. 當(dāng)由every或each修飾并由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí)，后面的代詞要用單數(shù);若這兩個(gè)名詞一個(gè)是陽性，一個(gè)是陰性。可用he/his/himself來代替。
如：Every mother and daughter in town has been invited to the dancing party she is longing for.
Every man and woman has his right to vote.
3. 當(dāng)由or或nor連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞時(shí)，代詞要與or 或nor后面的名詞或代詞在性和數(shù)上保持一致。
如：Either Marry and or her classmates study harder than they did before.
4. 人稱代詞在比較分句中做主語用主格，做賓語用賓格。
如：I trust you as much as her. 但在非正式語體中人稱代詞在比較分句中做主語，也可以用賓格，特別是這類代詞帶有all, both做同位語，通常都用賓格。
二、反身代詞
1.反身代詞做介詞的補(bǔ)足成分。
by oneself 單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地
for oneself 親自地，為自己
of oneself 自動(dòng)地，自然而然地
in oneself 自身，本質(zhì)上
to oneself 供自己用，專用
2. 反身代詞用于“動(dòng)詞+反身代詞+副詞”的固定搭配中。
如：He took himself away. 走開
She often puts herself forward. 擺架子
Carl played a joke on Bob and gave himself away by laughing. 露出馬腳
3. 反身代詞用于“動(dòng)詞+反身代詞+介詞”的固定搭配中。
如：The work addict surrendered himself to despair. 陷入困境
The Earl always prides himself on having a glorious past. 炫耀
4. 在anyone, no one, nobody 等代詞+ but 后可用第一、第二人稱反身代詞做主語，但不能用第三人稱反身代詞。
如：Anyone but yourself (myself) had been to the island girded by the sea.
三、指示代詞
1. all, both 與of 連用時(shí)，如果of后是名詞，則可省去of,但of后如果是代詞，of則不可省。
如：All the old men are hale and heavy.
Both of them are idle fellows.
All和whole 在修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意思往往是一樣的，然而次序不同，all用于冠詞或其他限定詞之前，而whole前必須有冠詞或其他限定詞。
如：All the city is burning.
The whole city is burning.
2. no one = nobody ，僅用于人，不能與of 短語連用，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。None既能指人，又能指物，謂語動(dòng)詞既可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)試，也可與of連用。
如：No one has read Paradise Lost up till now.
None of us has seen an overpass.
“none other than” 是個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“就是”，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
如：The new arrival was none other than the President.
3. much 常用語下列用法中
(be) much of a 很，更;了不起的，稱得上……的
not so much … as 與其說……，不如說……
(with) not /without so much as 甚至于不
much more = still more (用于肯定句)更加
much less= still (even) less(用于否定句)更不，更說不上
so much so that 到如此程度，以致
4. everyone, every one, anyone, any one
everyone = everybody，只能指人，不能與of 連用，而every one 可指人，也可指物，可跟of 短語。
anyone, any one 用法同上，可用于肯定句。
5. 其他不定代詞構(gòu)成的短語
anything of 一點(diǎn)兒，一點(diǎn);……的味道 (用于否定句、疑問句或條件句)
something of 在某種意義(程度)上 (用于肯定句)
everything of 一切事物，重要的事物;完全
nothing of 根本不，一點(diǎn)也不是
anything but 除……之外的任何事物;根本不，絕不
nothing but 僅僅
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